配水枢纽水力控制的仿真研究

配水枢纽是长距离调水工程和大中型灌区中一种常见的水工建筑物，是连接引水工程和配水工程的中枢。若配水枢纽库容足够大，可视为常水位边界，引水工程和配水工程的水力过渡过程分别计算；否则，需要耦合引水工程、配水枢纽和配水工程，对整个输水系统进行数值仿真。本文通过理论分析构建了配水枢纽进流、出流、溢流复杂运行条件下的质量和能量守恒方程，给出了牛顿－辛普森离散方法和基于Preissmann四点隐式差分的计算程序，建立了配水枢纽的理论模型；针对可能碰到的多进水、多出水、有压无压耦合等工况，给出了数值求解方法。以引汉济渭工程黄池沟配水枢纽作为典型案例，研究了南干线和北干线配水流量调节的水力过渡过程，给出了黄池沟、南干线、北干线的流量、水位变化，以及越岭隧洞的影响范围及变化量值，可为工程的运行调度提供参考。

Numerical simulation on hydraulic control of water distribution structure

Water distribution structure is common in long-distance water conveyance project and large and medium-sized irrigation district, which connects the water diversion project and water distribution project. If the storage capacity of the water distribution structure is large enough, it can be taken as the constant water level boundary, and the hydraulic transition process can be calculated separately for the water diversion project and water distribution project. Otherwise, it should be determined by coupling the water diversion project, the water distribution structure and the water distribution project. In this paper, the mass and energy conversation equations were given under the complicated inflow-outflow-overflow operating condition, as well as the NewtonSimpson discrete algorithm and the calculating procedure based on Preissmann four-point implicit difference algorithm. In this way, the theoretical model of water distribution structure was presented. For the multiple-inflow, multiple-outflow and pressure-freeflow coupling cases, the solving methods were also given. Taking Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Water Diversion Project as a typical case, the hydraulic transition process of water distribution flow regulation between the South Line and the North Line was studied. The discharge and water level characteristics of the Huangchigou, the South Line and the North Line, were presented, as well as the influence on the Yueling Tunnel, to provide guide for the operation of the project.