粉煤灰/三氧化二锑对软质聚氯乙烯阻燃消烟作用研究

将粉煤灰(Flyash)、三氧化二锑(Sb₂O₃)复合阻燃剂加入软质聚氯乙烯(PVC),制备PVC/Sb₂O₃/Flyash复合材料。通过氧指数(LOI)、TG、锥形量热、SEM等测试,探究Flyash和Sb₂O₃的协同效应,对PVC阻燃抑烟性能的影响。结果表明:当m(PVC)∶m(Sb₂O₃)∶m(Flyash)=100∶4∶3,PVC/Sb₂O₃/Flyash具有较好的阻燃抑烟性能,其LOI可达到33.9%。PVC/Sb₂O₃/Flyash的阻燃抑烟性比PVC/Sb₂O₃和PVC好。PVC/Sb₂O₃/Flyash的热释放速率降低、热稳定性增强,成炭率更高。PVC/Sb₂O₃/Flyash难点燃,火灾性能指数(FPI)大,火灾蔓延指数(FGI)小,降低火灾危险性,阻燃性能优异。

Fly Ash/Antimony Trioxide as Flame Retardants and Smoke Suppressants for Flexible Poly(vinyl chloride)

The fly ash (Flyash) and antimony trioxide (Sb₂O₃) composite flame retardants were added to flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to prepare PVC/Sb₂O₃/Flyash composites.The effects of synergistic effect of Flyash and Sb₂O₃on the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of PVC were investigated by LOI,TG,cone calorimeter and SEM.The results show that when m(PVC)∶m(Sb₂O₃)∶m(Flyash)=100∶4∶3,PVC/Sb₂O₃/Flyash has good flame retardancy and smoke suppression performance,and its LOI can reach 33.9%.PVC/Sb₂O₃/Flyash has better flame retardancy and smoke suppression than PVC/Sb₂O₃and PVC.The heat release rate of PVC/Sb₂O₃/Flyash is decreased,the thermal stability is increased,and the char yield is higher.PVC/Sb₂O₃/Flyash is difficult to ignite,the fire performance index (FPI)is large,and the fire growth index (FGI) is small,which reduces the fire risk and has excellent flame retardancy.