Analytic threshold calculation of frequency estimation for OFDM communication

In this paper, we introduce an improved expression for the normalized variance of a frequency offset estimator, which successfully estimates the actual behavior of the normalized variance of the frequency offset estimator below and above the threshold. Therefore, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing designer does not need any more to simulate the whole system in order to obtain the actual, normalized variance of the frequency offset estimator for the lower range of signal to noise ratio. We also present the source for the threshold phenomenon and the “threshold region”.