汽油机机油消耗量的试验与分析

润滑油对发动机有非常重要的作用，发动机中影响机油消耗的因素也很多。本文针对不同的缸盖护罩、活塞、二道气环和油环背压，在电控汽油机上进行了机油消耗量的试验和分析。试验结果表明：总机油消耗主要包括活塞部分机油消耗和强制通风口机油消耗两部分，其中活塞部分机油消耗占总机油消耗的90％以上；改进型缸盖护罩能有效冷凝机油蒸汽，降低机油的蒸发消耗；对二道气环的改进能减少活塞环的磨损，并提高刮油效果；确保活塞与气缸贴合的更好，能有效阻止窜气的发生；油环背压的增加能够改善刮油效果，但由于同时增加了活塞环的磨损，在实验后期机油消耗量反而增加。

Experiment and Analysis on Lubricant Consumption of a Gasoline Engine

Lubricant is crucial to the reliable and efficient operation of the engine, and lubricant consumption is affected by lots of factors. In this study, experiments have been carried out to investigate the lubricant consumption in an electronic controlled gasoline engine when its piston, the second gas ring, oil ring and cylinder head housing were changed. The experimental results show that the total engine oil consumption includes two parts, with the first is from the piston up to 90% of the total engine oil consumption and the second is from the crankcase ventilation port. An improved design of the cylinder head housing is shown effective in reducing the consumption of lubricant by recovering the condensed vapor. Changing the edge angle of the second gas ring resulted in reduction of wear of the piston ring and also effective removing of the oil spread on the liner. Blow - by gases were minimized because of the better piston fitting with the liner. An increased oil ring tension improved the effect of oil spreading but a trade - off with an increased wear of the piston ring which could increase oil consumption must be balanced.