电离辐射与淋巴细胞

早期的临床工作是了解淋巴细胞的辐射剂量与效应关系,作为初期最敏感的指标之一。对原子弹受害者的淋巴细胞也进行了远期效应的观察。实验室工作方面研究了淋巴细胞的活力、死亡率,玫瑰花结、细胞膜和DNA等分子的变化。染色体畸变,微核率及其相互关系的研讨也引起人们重视。 应用PHA、ConA、PWM、LPS分别激活淋巴细胞的各个亚群,研究其辐射效应。有关PHA激活的T淋巴细胞的辐射效应研究得较多。作者察觉PWM和ConA激活的淋巴细胞对辐射敏感,均减弱了辅助B淋巴细胞转化的作用,PHA激活的淋巴细胞受影响较轻,LPS激活的淋巴细胞变化最小。 单克隆抗体技术研究淋巴细胞亚群的进展为进一步研究淋巴细胞的辐射效应提供条件,可以了解辐射影响免疫功能的主要环节。 有的作者研究了各种病人的淋巴细胞的辐射敏感性,以了解免疫方面存在的缺陷,还可作为制定辐射治疗某些白血病方案的依据。

IONIZING RADIATION AND LYMPHOCYTES

The relationship between radiation doses and its biological effects inlymphocytes was used as one of the most sensitve methods in early clinic work. Theinvestigation of the change of activity, mortality, chromosome aberration, rosette for-marion, cell membrane and DNA molecule in lymphocytes was performed in differentlaboratories. Lymphocyte subpopulation was induced by PHA, ConA, PWM and LPS respecti-vely. The radiation effects on the transformation in the subpopulation was studied.More research work in T-lymphocytes stimuiated by PHA has been done. In our labo-ratory it demonstrated that PWM-induced and ConA-induced lymphocytes was moresensitive to radiatiation, both of them decreased the effects of help B lymphocytestransformation. PHA-induced lymphocytes was less sensitive. While the effect ofradiation on LPS-induced Lymphocytes was not very obvious The study of lymphocyte subpopulation and the radiation effect on it by usingmonoclonal antibody technique is to be carried out, then the effect of radiation on themain chains in immunity would be illustrated. Study of radiosensitivity of lymphocytes in various patients is beneficial to under-standing defects in immunity and helpful of in design of more effective radiation regimesin some leukemia patients.