循环流化床锅炉的磨损分析与对策

随着循环流化床锅炉在我国广泛应用并逐渐向大型化发展, 其存在着各受热面磨损快的问题急待解决。以分宜发电厂 100MW机组 400t/h 循环流化床锅炉为背景,总结以往工程实践经验, 从磨损机理出发, 分别介绍了循环流化床锅炉炉膛水冷壁、旋风分离器、过热器、省煤器、空气预热器、燃烧室、立管及返料器、膨胀节及布风装置、二次风喷嘴等不同部位产生磨损的情况。通过对燃料特性、床料特性、物料循环方式、运行参数、受热面结构与布置方式等影响磨损主要原因的分析, 从锅炉结构设计、防磨材料的选用和表面处理, 安装施工技术要求、运行等方面,提出了预防和减小磨损的措施, 为较好地实现循环流化床锅炉的稳定运行提供参考。

Wear Analysis and Countermeasure of Circulated Fluidized Bed Boiler

With the wide application of circulation fluidized bed boiler in China and its development in large scale, it's urgent to solve its existing defect of quick wear of various HRA so as to ensure safe and normal operation of boiler. Taking the 400t/h circulation fluidized bed boiler of the 100MW unit of Fenyi Thermal Power Station as the background, through summarizing previous experience, this article introduces the wear conditions on different locations such as furnace wall, cyclone separator,superheater, economizer, air preheater, combustion room, riser and recycled pipe, expansion joint and grid plate, secondary air nozzle on the basis of wear mechanism. By analyzing the main influence on wear such as fuel characteristic, bed material, material cycling ways, operation parameters, HRA structure and arrangement, the author puts forward measures to prevent and reduce wear from the aspects of structure design of the boiler, selection of antiwear material and surface treatment, installation and construction technical requirement and operation, and provides strategies to overcome the shortcomings of this kind of boiler.