Investigating paper vs. screen in real-life hospital workflows: Performance contradicts perceived superiority of paper in the user experience |
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| Authors: | Andreas Holzinger Markus Baernthaler Walter Pammer Herman Katz Vesna Bjelic-Radisic Martina Ziefle |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Research Unit HCI4MED, Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Auenbruggerplatz 2/V, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;2. Department of Radiology, AUVA Emergency Hospital Graz, 8020 Graz, Austria;3. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, AUVA Emergency Hospital Graz, 8020 Graz, Austria;4. Institute of Applied Statistics and System Analysis, Joanneum Research Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;5. Clinical Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;6. Communication Science, Human Technology Centre, RWTH Aachen University, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany;1. Quantum Information Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;2. York Centre for Quantum Technologies, Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK;1. Applied Vision Research Group, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain;2. Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28037 Madrid, Spain;1. Department of Radiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women''s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;2. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;3. Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA;1. Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Convergent Textile Technology, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea;3. School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea;1. School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China;2. Provincial Key Laboratory for Network Based Intelligent Computing, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China;3. School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionAll hospitals in the province of Styria (Austria) are well equipped with sophisticated Information Technology, which provides all-encompassing on-screen patient information. Previous research made on the theoretical properties, advantages and disadvantages, of reading from paper vs. reading from a screen has resulted in the assumption that reading from a screen is slower, less accurate and more tiring. However, recent flat screen technology, especially on the basis of LCD, is of such high quality that obviously this assumption should now be challenged. As the electronic storage and presentation of information has many advantages in addition to a faster transfer and processing of the information, the usage of electronic screens in clinics should outperform the traditional hardcopy in both execution and preference ratings.This study took part in a County hospital Styria, Austria, with 111 medical professionals, working in a real-life setting. They were each asked to read original and authentic diagnosis reports, a gynecological report and an internal medical document, on both screen and paper in a randomly assigned order. Reading comprehension was measured by the Chunked Reading Test, and speed and accuracy of reading performance was quantified. In order to get a full understanding of the clinicians' preferences, subjective ratings were also collected.ResultsWilcoxon Signed Rank Tests showed no significant differences on reading performance between paper vs. screen. However, medical professionals showed a significant (90%) preference for reading from paper. Despite the high quality and the benefits of electronic media, paper still has some qualities which cannot provided electronically do date. |
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