左旋多巴合成研究进展

左旋多巴是治疗帕金森病的首选药物，在临床中应用广泛。本文评述了近年来左旋多巴合成的相关研究进展，包括全化学合成、天然植物中提取、生物酶转化以及代谢工程策略。全化学合成左旋多巴由于步骤多而且不对称性合成，存在工艺复杂和环境污染等问题。植物提取制备左旋多巴产量低，受到资源限制。生物转化包括酪氨酸酚解酶、酪氨酸酶及转氨酶等催化苯类前体合成左旋多巴。提出随着合成生物学的发展，构建代谢工程微生物，发酵生产左旋多巴是一种高效、环境友好的新方法，具有良好的应用前景。

Research progress in L-DOPA synthesis

L-dopa has been widely used in clinical treatment for Parkinson's disease. The methods for L-DOPA production，including total chemical synthesis，extraction from plants，enzyme bioconversion and metabolic engineering，were summarized in this review. The total chemical synthesis of L-dopa was complicate due to its asymmetric process and associated with certain environmental issues. Extracting L-dopa from plant suffered low yield and was limited by plant resource. Bioconversion of phenols to L-dopa has been catalyzed by enzymes tyrosine phenol lyase，tyrosinase and transaminase. It is suggested that with the development of synthetic biology，fermentation of L-dopa by constructing metabolically engineered microorganisms would be a new high efficient and environment-friendly method，which demonstrates a promising process.