游荡型河段双岸整治对黄河下游河道的影响分析

针对游荡型河段主流宽浅散乱、河床极不稳定的特点，在黄河花园口一夹河滩河段两岸布置了对口丁坝整治工程。利用黄河下游水动力学泥沙数学模型，采用小浪底水库15a设计水沙系列，对黄河下游各河段的冲淤、典型断面的平滩流量变化进行了计算，分析了对艾山以下窄河段带来的影响，并与现状工程方案进行了比较，结论认为：①花园口-夹河滩河段布设双岸整治工程比现状工程条件下，15a间铁谢-利津河段多冲刷泥沙2．33亿t，冲刷量主要分布在花园口-高村段；②双岸整治工程方案和现状工程方案相比较，高村以下河段各站平滩流量减小，但和2002年汛前相比，山东河道仍具有较强的过洪能力；③在游荡型河段进行双岸整治工程布置，可以减少小浪底排沙期间河道的淤积，提高河南河段的输沙能力，而对山东河段的影响不是太明显。

Analysis on Influence of River Training Works on Both Sides of Meandering Section to the Channel of the Lower Yellow River

In the light of the characteristics of wide,shallow and scattered main flow and extremely unstable of the river bed of meandering section,it lays out groins on both sides of the embankments on the section from Huayuankou to Jiahetan and calculates the scouring and deposition occurred in each section of the lower Yellow River and the variations of bankfull discharge of typical sections,analyzes the influence to the narrow section downstream of Aishan and compares with the existing plan by utilizing sediment mathematical model of hydrodynamics of the lower Yellow River and adopting 15a designed silt-discharge series of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir.The conclusions are that a) comparing with the existing condition,to lay out river training works on the both sides of the river,233 million tons more sediment in Tiexie-Lijin section in 15a can be washed out,mainly happening in Huayuankou-Gaocun section;b) comparing with the plan of river training works on the both sides and the existing plan,the bankfull discharge of each station downstream of Gaocun is reduced.The channel in Shandong still has greater capacity for floods comparing with the conditions before the flood season in 2002 and;c) to conduct river training works on the both sides in meandering section can reduce the channel deposition during sediment ejection period of the Xiaolangdi,increase the sediment transport capacity of Henan section and the influence to Shandong section is not much.