三峡工程与湿地保护

三峡水利枢纽是继葛洲坝水利枢纽建成后在长江上修建的世界第一大水电站,规模宏大,举世瞩目,具有巨大的防洪、发电、航运等综合效益,是开发治理长江的骨干工程.三峡工程的建设将对生态与环境产生广泛而深远的影响,为国内外所关注.它的有利影响主要在长江中下游,能有效地抗御洪水和提供清洁能源;不利影响主要在库区,将形成库区淹没和大量移民.长江流域湿地主要集中在中下游平原湖区,三峡建库后中游水文情势将有所改变.要全面规划,统筹兼顾,做好中游平原湖区防汛抗旱、防涝排渍工作,保护湿地,防止土壤潜育化与沼泽化.工程已于2002年11月6日在导流明渠截流;2003年6月永久船闸通航、水库蓄水,10月第一批机组发电;2009年全部工程竣工投产.三峡工程建设要使有利影响得到充分发挥,并采取有效措施,使不利影响得到减免.工程建设好后将促进西部大开发与长江流域可持续发展,对中国的能源和经济建设作出贡献,也是对长江流域最大的生态与环境保护.

Three Gorges Project and Everglade Protection

The Three Gorges Hydropower and Water Conservancy Project is the largest hydropower station in the world after completion of Gezhouba Hydropower Station on the Changjiang River . The large-sized project with multipurpose of flood control , power generation and navigation attracts worldwide attention and is the key project to harness and develop the Changjiang River . The Three Gorges Project will exert wide and profound effect on ecology and environment . It will effectively resist flood and provide clean energy on the middle and downstream reaches of Changjiang River on one hand and cause inundation in the reservoir area and a great number of resettlements on the other hand . Everglades mainly situate in plain lake area on the middle and downstream reaches in Changjiang River basin . Hydrologic regime will change on middle reach after creation of the reservoir .Overall plan should be made and all factors should be taken into consideration so as to effectively control flood , fight a drought , prevent waterlogging , protect everglades , prevent soil against gleying and swampiness . This project will speed up Western Development and sustainable development of Changjiang River Basin , make contribution to energy and economy development in China , and protect ecology and environment in Changjiang River Basin.