发电负荷双侧报价的日前电能市场出清模型及其定价分析

在发电单侧报价的日前电能市场中,负荷侧市场主体缺少主动参与定价的能力,随着我国各试点省现货市场建设的推进,下一步将建设发电、负荷双侧参与报价的电能市场。由于电力资源的特殊性,双侧报价的优势仍须进行定量分析。文章分析了电能现货市场中发电、负荷双侧报价的国内外研究现状,面对负荷侧统一电价、放开市场化的比例以及虚拟投标等问题,建立了综合考虑上述因素的日前电能市场多时段出清优化模型,在过渡阶段令负荷侧市场成员申报在虚拟负荷中心节点,计算并对比分析在不同的经典场景下双侧报价与单侧报价对日前电能市场价格的影响。最后,基于仿真算例分析,验证了双侧报价出清模型和定价方法的有效性和可行性,双侧报价能较好促进多种场景下的电能市场竞争。

Clearing Model and Pricing Analysis of Day-ahead Electricity Market Considering Double-side Auction

In the day-ahead electricity market with unilateral quotation, demand side lacks the ability to participate in pricing actively. The price of electricity is affected by the market power of generating units. With the promotion of spot market construction in China's pilot provinces, the next step will be to build an electricity market in both power generation and load participating in bidding. However, due to the particularity of power resources, the advantages of bilateral bidding still need to be quantitatively analyzed. This paper analyzes the domestic and foreign research status of unilateral and bilateral bidding in the existing power market. Facing the problems of unified electricity price on the demand side, the proportion of marketization liberalization and virtual bidding, a multi-period clearing optimization model of day-ahead power market is established considering the above factors. In the transition phase, the demand-side market members are required to declare in the virtual load center node. The influence of bilateral quotation and unilateral quotation on day-ahead electricity market price in different classical scenarios is calculated and compared. Finally, according to the analysis of simulation examples, the effectiveness and feasibility of the clearing model and pricing method are verified, and the bilateral bidding can better promote the power market competition in various scenarios.