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面板堆石坝混凝土面板裂缝现状、成因与防裂技术进展
引用本文:吕兴栋,李家正.面板堆石坝混凝土面板裂缝现状、成因与防裂技术进展[J].长江科学院院报,2021,38(11):127-134.
作者姓名:吕兴栋  李家正
作者单位:1.长江科学院 材料与结构研究所, 武汉 430010; 2.国家大坝安全工程技术研究中心,武汉 430010; 3.武汉理工大学 硅酸盐建筑材料国家重点实验室,武汉 430070
基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52109147);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(CKSF2019200/CL)
摘    要:混凝土面板作为面板堆石坝的主要防渗结构,其裂缝控制是影响大坝安全运行的关键。总结了我国部分面板堆石坝混凝土面板裂缝现状,从面板的混凝土设计、原材料及施工工艺等方面分析了裂缝产生的原因,总结了混凝土防裂技术进展。分别从裂缝走向、裂缝产生的部位、裂缝产生的面板分序和产生时间揭示了面板裂缝的特点和规律,总结了混凝土力学、抗冻设计指标、水胶比、用水量、原材料、坍落度、养护方式和垫层处理工艺等技术参数对其影响。分析了裂缝产生成因,包括:不均匀沉降和约束过大导致的结构性裂缝;收缩变形、水化温升和环境温差导致的温度裂缝,以及施工工艺不当造成混凝土质量波动和干缩裂缝等。从减少结构性裂缝、提升混凝土性能和强化保温保湿措施等方面总结了防裂技术进展。

关 键 词:面板堆石坝  混凝土面板裂缝  防裂技术  成因分析  措施  
收稿时间:2021-04-19
修稿时间:2021-05-29

Cracks in Face Slab of Concrete-faced Rockfill Dam:Present Situation,Causes of Formation,and Progress of Prevention Technologies
Lü Xing-dong,LI Jia-zheng.Cracks in Face Slab of Concrete-faced Rockfill Dam:Present Situation,Causes of Formation,and Progress of Prevention Technologies[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2021,38(11):127-134.
Authors:Lü Xing-dong  LI Jia-zheng
Affiliation:1. Department of Material and Structure, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China; 2. National Research Center on Dam Safety Engineering Technology, Wuhan 430010, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Abstract:Face slab is the major anti-seepage structure of concrete-faced rockfill dam (CFRD). Controlling face slab crack is the key to the safe operation of the dam. We sum up the current status of cracks in the face slab of CFRD across China, and analyze the causes of cracks from aspects of design, raw material, and construction technology. We classify the cracks into three categories: structural cracks induced by uneven settlement and excessive constraint, temperature-caused cracks triggered by shrinkage deformation, hydration temperature rise and environmental temperature variation, and finally concrete's quality fluctuations and plastic cracks resulted from improper construction technology. Furthermore, we made a review on the progresses of crack prevention technologies in terms of reducing structural cracks, enhancing concrete's performance, and intensifying heat preservation and moisturizing measures. In addition, we expound the characteristics and rules of the cracks from aspects of crack direction, crack location, sequence of cracks and occurrence time of cracks, respectively. We also summarize the impacts of technical parameters on the cracks. Such parameters include: designed mechanics and frost-resistant parameters, water-binder ratio, water consumption, raw materials, slump, as well as treatment process.
Keywords:CFRD  cracks in face slab  anti-cracking technology  causes  measures  
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