市场经济条件下农业水资源高效利用模型研究

本文提出了市场经济条件下农业水资源高效利用模型。这个模型可根据不同的水资源利用模式和区域经济发展模式,基于区域水资源开发利用状况和水土资源组合条件,合理组织农业生产的诸要素,通过市场经济中的价值杠杆,对灌区的各种土地利用规模、种植结构和灌溉制度等进行合理配置,使得该研究区内的农业水资源利用在3个方面得到了较好的改进:(1)在实现农业水资源高效利用过程中,充分考虑了农民收入水平的提高;(2)研究了水价变化对农业生产、农民收人和对井渠双灌的促进作用;(3)探讨了水价与各种节水措施之间的关系,以及不同水价条件下各种节水措施规模、节水量和投资效益的定量描述。

Effective utilization model of agricultural water resources under market economy

The paper developed an analytical model for effective utilization of agricultural water resources under market economy. Based on the various combinations of water and land resources and existing status of water resources development and utilization, as well as different scenarios of regional economic development, the model could be applied to analyze irrigation area, cropping pattern and irrigation schedule in order to maximize the total output in the irrigation district or other cropping areas. While maximizing the agricultural water resouces use, three factors were considered:first, the increase of the farmers' income in the improvement of agricultural water resources utilization; second, the role of water tariff changes on the agricultural production, the farmers' income and the conjunctional use of surface water and groundwater; third, the relation between water price and various water saving measures, and the relation between various water saving investment and water saved.