油茶籽粕反刍动物饲料化利用价值初探

在分析油茶籽粕常规营养成分基础上,本试验采用体外产气和尼龙袋技术对油茶籽粕瘤胃发酵和降解特性进行了评定。结果显示:(1)油茶籽粕的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素分别为13.1%、8.6%、66.2%、44.5%和25.4%(绝干物质基础);油茶籽粕的代谢能为4.30 MJ/kg DM;(2)油茶籽粕在体外发酵前期(2~12 h)的累积产气量显著高于羊草(P0.05),但36 h起油茶籽粕的累积产气量显著低于羊草(P0.05)。这与尼龙袋法测定的干物质降解率的变化趋势一致,油茶籽粕的干物质降解率在24~72 h显著低于羊草(P0.05),但在前期(3~12 h)二者的干物质降解率没有显著性差异(P0.05);(3)油茶籽粕25%替代羊草时不影响潜在产气量(P0.05),随替代比例的进一步增加(≥50%)慢速产气量显著降低(P0.05),但产气速度显著增加(P0.05),油茶籽粕25%替代羊草时不影响丙酸浓度(P0.05)。结果表明油茶籽粕含有较高的粗蛋白和粗脂肪,油茶籽粕替代羊草可提升全混合饲粮的发酵速度,提高丙酸所占挥发性脂肪酸比例;较高含量的木质素降低了其营养价值。

Preliminary study on the seed cake residue of Camellia oleifera for ruminant utilization

On the basis of chemical composition of the seed cake residue of Camellia oleifera (SCR), the nutritive value of SCR for ruminants was evaluated using nylon bags technque and in vitro gas production in this experiment. The results showed that: (1) The concentration of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) of SCR were13.1%, 8.6%, 66.12%, 44.5% and 25.4% (dry matter basis)respectively. (2) The gas produced by SCR was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than Chinese wild rye after being incubated for 2h-12h. However, the gas production of SCR was significantly less (P < 0.05) than Chinese wild rye after 36h. This was consistent with dry matter degradability (DMD). The DMD of SCR was significantly lower than Chinese wild rye (P < 0.05) during 24h to 72h. At early stage (3h-12h), the DMD of the two feeds have no significant difference (P > 0.05). (3) The potential gas production have no significant difference (P > 0.05) when replacing 25% Chinese wild rye by SCR. But the potential gas production could be significantly lower and gas production speed significantly increased (P < 0.05) accompanied by the increase of replacement levels. The propionic acid concentration of 25% group was not significantly different with 0% group. The results of this study indicated SCR could be utilized as alternative to conventional feed resources for ruminants due to its relative high CP and EE content. However, high ADL concentration lower its nutritive value.