量子点在低价太阳电池中的应用及研究状况

太阳电池的发展包括3个阶段,已商业化生产的第一代单晶硅电池成本较高,而薄膜化的第二代太阳电池虽大幅降低了成本,但效率不理想。因此,期待比第一代太阳电池有更高转换效率的同时,保持第二代太阳电池低成本优势的第三代太阳电池的诞生。其中,半导体量子点太阳电池因具有高达66%的热力学转换效率备受关注。介绍了基于量子点的几种低价太阳电池,包括全无机纳米结构太阳电池、染料敏化电池及聚合物太阳电池等,重点介绍了由有机聚合物和无机半导体量子点组成的杂化聚合物/量子点电池的结构及影响器件效率的关键因素。

Application of Quantum Dots to Low-Cost solar Cells

"1st Generation" solar cells based on crystalline silicon have high manufacturing cost."2nd Generation" reduces cost by using thin film absorbers,but typically yields lower efficiencies as a result."3rd Generation" potentially increasing the power conversion efficiency beyond that of "1st Generation" and reserving low cost as "2nd Generation" are expected.Solar cells based on semiconductor quantum dots(QDs) with radii smaller than that of the Bohr exciton of the material are predicted to have maximum attainable thermodynamic conversion efficiency up to 66%.Several low-cost solar cells based on QDs,such as QDs-based inorganic solar cells,QDs-sensitive solar cells and polymer/QDs solar cells are introduced,mainly focusing on the device structure and key factors influencing device efficiency in the polymer/QDs solar cells.