~(137)Cs辐照小麦干种子M_1代的辐射效应和细胞学分析

~(60)Co-γ射线辐照小麦干种子对M_1代的生物学和细胞学效应产生影响,这方面已有报道,而铯-137的辐射效应报道较少。本试验利用我所的铯-137和钴-60源不同剂量照射小麦干种子,比较M_1代的生物学及细胞学效应,为育种提供依据。

Effect of ~(137)Cs irradiation on M_1 wheat plants and cytological analysis

The following results were obtained when dry seeds of wheat Var. Zhemai No.l and M588-1 were exposed to 20, 30 and 40 krad of gamma irradiation from both 137Cs and 60Co sources at a dose rate of 150 rad/min with seeds treated with 60Co gamma-ray as control. The morphological injuries and physiological damages in M1 appeared to be serious with increasing dose, however the responses of the varieties were different to the sources. There was a significantly negative correlation between the single plant yield and the dose exposed, the coefficient for Var. M588-1 was -0.9886, while Zhemai No.l was -0.9314. Results obtained through path coeficient method showed that the reduction of single plant yield was mainly caused by the decrease of effective panicle number. Dry wheat seeds irradiated with different sources resulted in plant morphological alternation and cytological changes. The rate of chromosomal aberration and micronuclei number were increased as the seeds received dose more. The coefficient between radiation dose and micronuclei rate reached 0.9726.