钽铌矿冶炼废渣的资源化利用

广东某钽铌矿冶炼企业主要生产氟钽酸钾及氧化铌，年处理钽精矿130 t、铌钽铁合金220 t，年产生中和渣量约672 t，但由于原有工艺没有对酸溶渣、中和渣和废液进行分离，造成最终废物量大、放射性活度高和难处理等问题，厂区历史遗留中和渣约1万t。现该企业对生产工艺进行了改进，包括车间排放口处理废水、增加压滤机、总排放口优化、建设中和渣堆场和中和渣资源化利用等措施。经技术改进后，实现了渣液分离，产生的废水放射性物质达标排放，对历史遗留的中和渣进行资源化利用，减少中和渣填埋处置费用约3 000万元，获得了较好的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。

Resource Utilization of Ta-Nb Ore Smelting Slag

A Ta-Nb ore smelting enterprise in Guangdong province mainly produces potassium fluotantalate and niobium oxide. It processes 130 t of tantalum concentrate and 220 t of ferrocolumbium tantalum as well as about 672 t of neutralization slag annually. However, due to the original processing without separation of acid-dissolved slag, neutralization slag and waste liquid, final waste volume is large and radioactive activity is high, which is difficult to treat and has left 10 kt of neutralization slag in factory. After technical improvement, including workshop wastewater treating, adding filter press, optimization of final discharge, construction of neutralization slag yard and recycling of neutralization slag, the slag and liquid separation has been realized, radioactivity reaches the standard and the historical neutralization slag has been recycled, which saves 30 million RMB cost of landfill and disposal of neutralization slag, and has obtained good economic, environmental and social benefits.