16S rDNA测序快速鉴定废水生物处理系统目标细菌

在废水生物处理系统中建立分子生物学技术快速鉴定有关微生物，具有十分重要的意义．以发酵法生物制氢系统的活性污泥分离培养的厌氧发酵细菌为研究对象，采用16S rDNA碱基测序分子生物学技术，通过生物信息学数据库NCBI将DNA序列输入、比对，可以直接鉴定从废水生物处理系统中分离培养的细菌进行种属科的系统发育学地位的判定，从而简化了细菌鉴定程序．通过16S rDNA测序技术，进行了分离产氢细菌的分子生物学鉴定，发现生物制氢厌氧活性污泥中所分离的细菌可能存在的菌属有：Lactobacillus，Clostridium，Klebsiella，Pmpionibacterium和可能新发现的1个新属Biohydrogenbacterium等5个菌属的菌种，其中新属Biohydrogenbacterium的菌种都以利用碳水化合物生产氢气为其主要特征．16S rDNA测序技术为废水生物处理系统的细菌学研究提供了方便、准确和经济的技术基础．

Use of 16S rDNA sequencing for quickly determining target bacteria in biological wastewater treatment system

In wastewater treatment systems,it is critical to develop a molecular biological technique to quickly identify related microbes.Using data from the field of bioinformatics,fermentative anaerobes in the activated sludge of a biohydrogen production system were characterized by a 16S rDNA sequencing technique.Five possible genus members were identified in the isolates: Lactobacillus genus,Clostridium genus,Klebsiella genus,Propionibacterium genus,and a biohydrogen bacterium genus that possibly belongs to a novel class.The main characteristic of species in this biohydrogen bacterium genus is that the bacteria can digest carbohydrates to produce molecular hydrogen.The 16S rDNA sequencing offers a novel,convenient,economical,and valid tool for quickly determining the taxon of isolates in biological wastewater treatment.