漓江大型底栖无脊椎动物及其与水环境的关系

为研究漓江上游水库为下游河道枯季航运补水所造成的水生态影响,对漓江大型底栖无脊椎动物空间分布特性与相应的水环境因子进行调查,并采用Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数、均匀度、丰富度指数分析物种多样性。结果表明:纹石蚕、黑龙江短沟蜷为上、中游优势种;纹石蚕、黑龙江短沟蜷、河蚬为下游优势种;纹石蚕、黑龙江短沟蜷为整个漓江水系的优势种。Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数、均匀度、大型底栖无脊椎动物的平均密度和平均动物量均呈现出下游大于中游、中游大于上游的趋势;而物种丰富度指数呈现出下游小于中游、中游小于上游的趋势。大型底栖无脊椎动物和环境因子的典范对应分析表明:温度、电导率、盐度、浊度、水深、总磷、化学需氧量为影响大型底栖无脊椎动物群落结构和分布的主要环境因子。

Relationship between macroinvertebrates and aquatic environment in Lijiang River

To study the ecological impact caused by upstream reservoir regulation for navigation purpose in Lijiang River in dry season,the spatial distribution characteristics of macroinvertebrates the corresponding aquatic environmental factors were investigated.The species diversity was analyzed by use of Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson index,evenness index and richness index.The results show that Hydropsyche and Semisulcospi amurensis are the dominant species in the upper and middle reaches of Lijiang River.Hydropsyche and Semisulcospi amurensis and Corbicula fluminea are the dominant species in the lower reaches.Hydropsyche and Semisulcospi amurensis are the dominant species in the whole watershed.The Shannon-Wiener index,the Simpson index,the evenness index,the average density and the average biomass of macroinvertebrates have a tendency of lower reaches>middle reaches>upper reaches.However,the richness index has an opposite sequence,that is,lower reaches