不同芽孢杆菌对烟株根际土壤细菌群落及根结线虫防控效果的影响

为筛选出可有效防治烟草根结线虫的微生物菌剂，选用3株不同种类的芽孢杆菌（B3蜡样芽孢杆菌、B9蜡样芽孢杆菌和S2蕈状芽孢杆菌）微生物菌剂施于烟田，利用宏基因组测序技术分析了不同芽孢杆菌对烟株根际土壤细菌群落的影响及其对根结线虫的防控效果。结果表明，芽孢杆菌可增加土壤中细菌种数，且施用B3蜡样芽孢杆菌的土壤中细菌种数最多。相比施用清水（对照），B3蜡样芽孢杆菌能增加土壤中有益菌门硝化螺旋菌门（Nitrospirae）、有益菌属贪噬菌属（Variovorax）和罗思河小杆菌属（Rhodanobacter）的丰度，B9蜡样芽孢杆菌能增加有益菌属亚硝化螺菌属（Nitrosospira）的丰度，S2蕈状芽孢杆菌能增加有益菌属红假单胞菌属（Rhodopseudomonas）、中慢生根瘤菌属（Mesorhizobium）的丰度。假单胞菌科（Pseudomonadaceae）对根结线虫的防治有益，且在B3蜡样芽孢杆菌处理中其丰度显著高于对照。3种芽孢杆菌对烟株根结线虫病害均有一定的防治效果，但B3蜡样芽孢杆菌的效果最好。 

Effects of different Bacillus on bacterial community of tobacco rhizosphere soil and control of root-knot nematodes

In order to screen microbial agents with good control effects on tobacco root-knot nematodes, microbial agents of Bacillus cereus B3, Bacillus cereus B9 and Bacillus mycoides S2 were applied to tobacco in the fields, and their effects on the bacterial community of tobacco rhizosphere soil and the control of root-knot nematodes were studied by metagenomic sequencing technology. The results showed that the application of Bacillus increased the number of bacteria in the soil, and the number of bacteria in the soil under Bacillus cereus B3 treatment was the highest. Compared to water treatment (CK), Bacillus cereus B3 increased the abundances of beneficial bacteria, such as Nitrospirae, Variovorax and Rhodanobacter. Bacillus cereus B9 increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria Nitrosospira. Bacillus mycoides S2 increased the abundances of Rhodopseudomonas and Mesorhizobium. Pseudomonadaceae was beneficial to the control of root knot nematodes, and its abundance in the soil under Bacillus cereus B3 treatment was significantly higher than that in CK. All of the three microbial agents had a certain control effect against the tobacco disease caused by root-knot nematodes, and the control effect of Bacillus cereus B3 was the best.