黄芪中皂苷类成分的研究进展

黄芪为蒙古黄芪或膜荚黄芪的干燥根，是中医临床上常用的大宗中药材。黄芪属于中国传统中草药中的补虚类药，其味甘性微温，归属脾肺经，具有广泛的药用价值。其主要含有皂苷类、多糖类、黄酮类、氨基酸及微量元素等化学成分，黄芪皂苷是黄芪中主要的有效成分，从黄芪中分离出来的皂苷类化合物达50多种。黄芪皂苷的提取及分离纯化是以黄芪皂苷类成分作为指标成分进行黄芪药材及饮片质量评价的关键环节，合适的提取、分离纯化及含量测定方法对黄芪的开发与综合利用具有重要意义。本文主要从黄芪皂苷类成分的提取、分离纯化、含量测定等方面进行综述，以期为黄芪的进一步开发与利用提供一定的参考依据。

Research progress of saponins in Astragalus membranaceus

Astragalus membranaceus is the dried root of Astragalus mongolicus or Astragalus membranaceus, which is commonly used as a bulk Chinese medicinal material in clinical practice. Astragalus membranaceus is a kind of medicine in traditional Chinese herbal medicine to replenish deficiency. It has a sweet and mild taste, belongs to spleen and lung meridian, and has a wide range of medicinal value. It mainly contains saponins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, amino acids, trace elements and other chemical components. Astragalus saponins are the main active components of Astragalus membranaceus, and more than 50 saponins have been isolated from Astragalus membranaceus. The extraction, separation and purification of astragalus saponin is the key step to evaluate the quality of astragalus medicinal materials and decoction pieces with astragalus saponin as the index component. Appropriate extraction, separation, purification and content determination methods are of great significance to the development and comprehensive utilization of astragalus. In this paper, the extraction, purification and content determination of astragalus saponins were reviewed in order to provide some reference for the further development and utilization of astragalus.