辽宁省市售水产品中副溶血性弧菌的污染状况及耐药性分析

分析辽宁市售水产品副溶血性弧菌污染状况、毒力基因分布及耐药情况。方法 共采集420份水产品，应用国标方法和基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)对水产品中分离的副溶血性弧菌进行鉴定，并对分离菌株进行毒力基因及耐药性检测。结果 经国标方法和MALDI-TOF MS鉴定分离得到123株副溶血性弧菌，总检出率为29.29%(123/420)。不同种类、不同类别水产品副溶血性弧菌检出率差异均有统计学意义，海水产品检出率为33.44%，其中海水贝类检出率最高为49.51%；另外淡水产品中河蟹检出率较高为61.29%。分离的123株菌tlh基因全部阳性，未检测到tdh和trh基因，对氨苄西林耐药性显著，耐药率为94.31%。结论 辽宁省市售水产品不同程度受到副溶血性弧菌污染，尤其在河蟹中存在较高检出，应引起重视，并采取有效措施预防由水产品引起的副溶血性弧菌食源性疾病。同时，MALDI-TOF MS作为一种快速、准确、高通量的全新微生物鉴定技术，实现了对副溶血性弧菌的特异性快速鉴定。

Analysis of contamination and drug resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic products sold in Liaoning province

Objective To analyze the contamination level, distribution of virulence gene and drug resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic products in the retail markets of Liaoning province. Methods Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from 420 aquatic products sold in Liaoning province was identified by national standard method, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was used to verify the identification results. The contamination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in different kinds, different categories, different seasons, different areas of aquatic products, virulence genes and drug resistance were simultaneously analyzed. Results Total of 123 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were authenticated, and the detection rate was 29.29% (123/420). The identification results of MALDI-TOF MS were consistent with the national standard method. The detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood was 33.44%, and the detection rate in shellfish was the highest (49.51%). In freshwater products, the detection rate of freshwater crab was the highest (61.29%). The detection rate in the third quarter was highest (39.86%), and the detection rate in Yingkou was highest (41.89%). The tlh gene was detected in all strains, however, tdh and trh genes were not detected in all strains. Most of the strains were resistant to ampicillin (94.31%). Conclusion The aquatic products sold in Liaoning province were polluted by Vibrio parahaemolyticus in different levels, and showed a degree of drug resistance, most of them resisted ampicillin, and especially freshwater crabs were particularly at risk from pollution. More attention should be paid and effective measures should be taken to prevent food borne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus.