油电混合动力挖掘机的关键技术研究

面对全球性的能源危机和环境污染，量大面广的挖掘机亟须在技术上寻求新的解决方案。油电混合动力技术采用发动机和电机复合驱动来改善发动机燃油经济性并可进行能量回收，是公认的节能减排最佳方案之一，已在车辆领域取得了卓有成效的进展。由于挖掘机与车辆在负载工况、能量回收途径、储能装置、操作性及可靠性等方面存在显著差异，须对挖掘机的混合动力技术开展专项研究。概述国内外、特别是浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室在动力复合模式与参数优化、动力系统控制、电动回转及制动能量回收、动臂势能回收及能量回收电机等油电混合动力挖掘机关键技术方面的解决方案及研究成果，并在研制的20 t混合动力挖掘机综合试验样机上得到充分验证。这些研究成果对油电混合动力技术在其他工程机械上的应用推广也具有重要意义。

Research on Key Technology of Oil-electric Hybrid Excavator

Due to energy crisis and environmental pollution in the world range, it is urgent to develop new solutions for excavators which are widely applied with low efficiency. As a well-known energy-saving solution, oil-electric hybrid driven technology which combines a diesel engine and an electric motor together has received significant breakthrough in vehicles, for engine efficiency can be improved and energy regeneration can be realized. There are many differences between excavators and vehicles such as load condition, regeneration approach, energy storage, operability and reliability. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the hybrid driven technology of excavators specially. The key technologies of oil-electric hybrid excavators in China, abroad and especially in SKLoFP of Zhejiang University are reviewed on power hybridization mode and parameter optimization, power system control, electric swing and braking kinetic energy regeneration, boom potential energy regeneration and generator. The research results are validated in a prototype of 20 t hybrid excavator and can also be extended to other construction machinery.