板料屈服行为及强化规律的研究进展

研究板料塑性成形的理论基础是屈服准则、强化规律以及本构模型。随着新材料、新工艺的不断出现，温度和应变速率对塑性成形过程中的影响也不容忽视，原有的塑性理论已无法满足研究和工程应用的需求。从板料屈服准则研究、包辛格效应与强化模型研究、屈服强化规律试验方法研究以及涉及应变速率和温度的板料屈服强化研究4个方面阐述板料屈服行为及强化规律的研究进展，指出常用屈服准则的特点和不足，说明各种强化模型中组合强化模型仍然是研究重点。试验方法主要从研究屈服轨迹的双向拉伸试验及确定强化模型参数试验的2个方面进行介绍。此外，指出针对板料在复杂应力状态下应力张量与应变张量之间的涉及应变率和温度的屈服准则和相应的流动准则的本构关系还有待研究。提出随着新材料、新工艺的不断出现，涉及应变速率和温度的屈服准则和强化规律、试验方法以及在有限元模拟中的应用等研究将是未来的研究热点。

Review on Yielding and Hardening Behavior of Sheet Metal

Yield criterion, work-hardening law and constitutive model is the theoretical foundation for the investigation of the plastic forming of sheet metals. With more and more new materials and new technology emerged, the temperature and the strain rate effect on plastic forming process can not be ignored, the existing theory of plasticity has been unable to meet the need of research and application. Researches on criteria since 1864’s Tresca criterion will be reviewed. Also three kinds of hardening mode such as isotropic hardening mode, kinematic hardening mode and mixed hardening mode, and Bauschinger effect, which has great influence on hardening modes, will be elaborated. Yield hardening research considering temperature and strain rate are also discussed. Since experimental method has great importance on yield hardening research, it will be introduced on one part. It is pointed that the yield hardening research considering temperature and strain rate, experimental method, application of new criterion and hardening model in finite element analysis(FEA) will be hotspot of research.