以稻壳为强化原料制备低成本钛合金的摩擦学性能

以稻壳热解产物为SiO₂源,通过粉末冶金法制备了Si和O固溶强化的低成本钛合金,并从磨损率、磨损表面形貌和磨屑成分等角度系统研究了其摩擦学性能和磨损机理。结果表明,随着SiO₂加入量的增加,Ti合金的体积磨损率显著降低,与硬度的变化规律吻合良好,同时磨损表面有三处变化,即犁沟的深度变浅、塑性变形程度降低和磨屑的尺寸变小和数量减少。SiO₂的加入使磨损机制从纯Ti的粘着和磨料磨损转变为磨料和氧化磨损,而磨屑尺寸的减小可归因于GCr15球和钛基体反复摩擦,导致磨屑的脆化。本文提供了一种使用农业废稻壳生产具有优良综合性能的钛合金方法,在降低钛合金成本的同时也有益于生态环境的保护。

Tribological properties of low-cost titanium alloys by using rice husk as reinforcement

Wear performance and mechanism of Ti alloys strengthened by solid solute atoms Si and O from rice husk was studied from the viewpoint of wear rate, worn surface morphology and wear debris analysis. Results show that the volume wear rate of Ti alloys decreases significantly with the increase of the content of SiO₂, agreeing well with the change law of hardness. There are three changes of the worn surface with the increase of SiO₂ content, one is the deep grooves transferring to shallow scratches, second is the decrease of plastic deformation degree and the last one is the size and amount of adhesive debris. The decrease of debris size can be attributed to the embrittlement of wear dust due to the blending of the wear dust of counter grinding GCr15 ball as well as the Ti matrix itself. Wear mechanism also transfers from adhesive and abrasive wear of pure Ti to abrasive and oxidation wear with the increase of SiO₂ content. The result of this paper provides a cheap method to produce Ti alloys with excellent combination properties by using agricultural waste rice husk, which is also benefit for the environmental protection.