中国45岁及以上居民膳食果糖与血脂异常的关系研究

利用2010—2012年中国营养与健康状况监测数据，对27 265名45岁及以上居民膳食果糖摄入量与血脂指标及血脂异常的关系进行分析。男性人群血清总胆固醇（Total Cholesterol, TC）、甘油三酯(triglycerides, TG)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)水平低于女性，而膳食果糖的摄入量高于女性，差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.001）。在男性人群中，随着膳食果糖摄入量四分位水平的增加，血清TG浓度升高而HDL-C浓度下降，趋势检验具有统计学意义（P趋势 < 0.001）。在女性人群中仅发现血清TG水平随膳食果糖摄入量四分位水平的增加而升高（P趋势 < 0.001）。调整混杂因素后，在男性人群中，与膳食果糖摄入量第一分位相比，第三分位（OR: 1.17; 95%CI: 1.03~1.33）、第四分位（OR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.08~1.43）低HDL-C血症的发生风险增加；在女性人群中，膳食果糖的摄入量与高TC血症、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症、混合型高脂血症及血脂异常的发生风险无关（P > 0.05）。膳食果糖对血脂指标及血脂异常的影响可能存在性别差异。

Research on the Relationship between Dietary Fructose and Dyslipidemia in Chinese Residents Aged 45 and Above

Using the data of China National Nutrition and Health Survey, we explored the relationship between dietary fructose intake and lipid indexes and dyslipidemia of 27 265 Chinese residents aged 45 and above. The level of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly lower in male while dietary fructose intake was lower in female (P < 0.001). With the increase of the dietary fructose quartile level, serum TG concentration was increased while HDL-C was decreased for male residents (Ptrend < 0.001). Among female residents, we only found serum TG concentration was increased (Ptrend < 0.001). Compared with the first quartile, the risk of low HDL cholesterolemia in the third (OR: 1.17; 95%CI: 1.03~1.33) and fourth (OR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.08~1.43) quartile were increased after adjustment for confounding factor. There was no association between dietary fructose intake and hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, mixed hyperlipidemia, and dyslipidemia among female residents after adjustment for confounding factor (P > 0.001). There were gender differences for the effect of dietary fructose intake on lipid indexes and dyslipidemia.