基于生态水文学法的湘江生态流量研究

河流生态流量是维持河流生态系统健康的重要条件。选取湘江(湘潭)作为控制性断面,采用生态流量年内展布法和IHA-RVA法计算河道最小和适宜生态流量,并以Tennant法进行合理性验证。结果表明:最小生态流量为639.6 m~3/s,占多年平均天然流量的32.2%;适宜生态流量为983.4 m~3/s,占多年平均天然流量的49.5%。该方法计算的生态流量结果能够满足河流生态目标的需求,与天然河流年内丰枯变化状态相吻合,计算结果较为合理。研究可为湘江湘潭的水资源管理以及生态系统的保护和恢复提供科学依据。

Ecological flow of Xiangjiang River based on eco-hydrological method

River ecological flow is the most important condition of the benign cycle of the ecological environment. This paper selects the Xiangjiang River (Xiangtan section) as the control section, the method of annual distribution of lowest ecological flow and IHA-RVA method are used to calculate the river lowest and optimal ecological flows and the rationality of the calculation results are verified by Tennant method. The calculation results show that the lowest ecological flow is 639.6 m3/s, accounting for 32.2% of the annual average natural flow. The optimal ecological flow is 983.4 m3/s, accounting for 49.5% of the annual average natural flow. The calculation results can meet the river ecological protection targets, and are consistent with the wet-dry changes of natural rivers during the year. This research can provide a scientific basis for the rational management of water resources and the ecosystem restoration in Xiangtan area of the Xiangjiang River.