山东北部沿海区地下水质量评价及其成因分析——以潍坊市昌邑市卜庄镇为例

山东北部沿海区受自然和人为因素影响,水污染日益严重,区域地下水的质量评价和成因分析对区域经济发展具有重要意义。以潍坊昌邑市卜庄镇为对象,对山东北部沿海区地下水质量进行单因子评价和综合质量评价。单因子评价表明:当地4个村庄地下水为Ⅳ类,其它村庄均为Ⅴ类,TDS,F~-,Cl~-,NO~-_3,Na~+指标超过Ⅲ类地下水标准,分别是标准值的0.66～2.72,0.53～9.23,0.32～4.42,0～1.25,0.57～3.76倍。综合质量评价结果表明:地下水F值为4.41～7.44,地下水质量等级为较差-差,其中,11个村庄地下水等级为差,3个村庄地下水等级为较差。当地地下水中NO~-_3主要是受人类活动和农业活动影响,Na~+,Cl~-和TDS超标主要是海水入侵作用,地下水中F~-富集与海水入侵引起的偏碱性环境及Na~+-Ca~(2+)离子交换有关。

Quality evaluation and forming-factors analysis of groundwater in coastal zones of northern Shandong Province: case of Buzhuang Town,Weifang City

Water pollution becomes a growing serious problem in the coastal zones of Shandong Province because of the natural or human factors, and the quality evaluation and forming-factor analysis of groundwater is of great significance for the regional economic development. Taking the Buzhuang Town of Changyi City under Weifang City as example, the single factor evaluation and comprehensive quality evaluation methods were used to evaluate the groundwater quality in the coastal zone of northern Shandong Province. Single factor evaluation results indicated that groundwater qualities in 4 villages belong to Class Ⅳ and the others belong to Class V. TDS, F-, Cl-, NO-3 and Na+ exceed the limits of Class Ⅲ groundwater standards, with 0.66~2.72, 0.53~9.23, 0.32~4.42, 0~1.25 and 0.57~3.76 times of the standard levels, respectively. The comprehensive quality evaluation results show that the F values are 4.41~7.44, and the groundwater quality level is poor to relative poor, including poor class in 11 villages and relatively poor class in 3 villages. The NO-3 in the local groundwater mainly originate from the human activities and agricultural activities, the high Na+, Cl- and TDS result from seawater intrusion, and the groundwater fluorine enrichment is related to the alkaline conditions due to seawater intrusion as well as Na+-Ca2+ ion exchange.