山区河流造床流量计算探讨

造床流量是反映多年流量过程下多种造床综合作用的某一种流量,目前对造床流量(特别是山区)的理论研究还不够完善。以黑水河下游为例,分别用马卡维也夫法、平滩流量法、洪峰频率法探讨了山区河流的造床流量计算,并根据造床流量求得的稳定河宽与实际河宽归一化的结果来验证选择最优方法。结果表明:马卡维也夫法最优,其σQ~mJP～Q曲线中峰值1对应的流量可作为造床流量,对于山区可用多年平均流量来代替造床流量。研究结果可为山区桥梁工程设计和河流研究提供借鉴。

Discussion on bed-building discharge calculation in mountainous river

Bed-building discharge is a kind of discharge reflecting the comprehensive result of multiple bed-making factors throughout many years. At present, the theoretical research on bed-building discharge (especially mountainous river) is imperfect. Taking the lower reach of the Heishui River as an example, this paper discusses the bed-building discharge calculation of mountainous river using the Makavieff method, the flat beach method and the flood frequency method respectively. The best method is verified and selected according to the normalized stable river width and real river width calculated by bed-building discharge. The result shows that the best method is the Makavieff method whose first peak discharge in the curve can be considered as bed-building discharge; for the mountainous river, the multi-years average discharge can be used as the bed-building discharge. The research result can provide the reference for bridge design in mountainous area and river research.