碳纳米管改性聚氨酯的研究进展

碳纳米管（CNT）具有独特的空心管状结构和高表面积、易修饰等优异性能，将其用于聚氨酯（PU）的改性可显著提高PU材料的导电性、导热性及电磁屏蔽等性能。然而，CNT本身表面惰性，且极易发生团聚，难以均匀稳定的分散在PU基质中。因此，近年来研究者在CNT的改性方面不断尝试，并取得了相关成果。该文重点阐述了CNT的官能团改性，讨论了每种改性方法的适用性以及可能存在的不足，指出CNT在PU中的分散性以及与PU基质之间的界面相容性仍然是改善其复合材料各性能的关键。

Research progress of carbon nanotube modified polyurethane

Carbon nanotube (CNT) has unique hollow tubular structure, high surface area, easy modification and other excellent properties. Using them to modify polyurethane (PU) can significantly improve the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding properties of PU materials. However, the surface of CNT itself is inert and prone to agglomeration, making it difficult to disperse evenly and stably in PU substrate. Therefore, in recent years, in addition to the study of the chain structure of polyurethane itself, researchers have made continuous attempts in the modification of CNT and achieved relevant results. In this paper, the functional group modification of CNT was emphasized, and the applicability and possible shortcomings of each modification method were discussed. It was pointed out that the dispersion of CNT in PU and its interfacial compatibility with PU substrate were still the key to improve the properties of the composite.