反射炉水淬渣提铜除铁研究

采用XRF, XRD, XPS, SEM-EDS, Mossbauer等手段对炼铜反射炉水淬渣进行了工艺矿物学研究, 结果表明, 渣中含铜106％, 主要以冰铜存在；TFe含量为36.41％, 其中Fe₂SiO₄ 53.5％, Fe₃O₄ 32.5％, Fe₂O₃ 14.0％。Fe的存在形态决定了在酸浸中铁会大量消耗酸, 其浸出率可达82.6%, 影响了铜的浸出, 而加入H₂O₂可有效地抑制铁的浸出, 铜的浸出率相应提高。在60 ℃、浸出30 min、搅拌速度500 r/min、酸浓度60 g/L、双氧水100 L/t时, 铜的浸出率可达66.9%；双氧水的加入对电位有影响, 对铜和铁的浸出分别起到促进和抑制作用, 高电位更有利于铜的浸出。

Study on Copper Extraction and Iron Removal from Reverberatory Water-quenched Copper Slag

Process mineralogy study was carried out on the reverberatory water-quenched copper slag by XRF, XRD, XPS, SEM-EDS and Mossbauer spectroscope. The results showed that slag contained 1.06% Cu(majority being in the form of matte) and 36.41% TFe among which 53.5% Fe₂SiO₄, 32.5% Fe₃O₄ and 14.0% Fe₂O₃. A large consumption of acid during acid leaching process being attributed to the existence form of iron, results in the iron leaching rate up to 82.6% while the copper leaching being restrained. An addition of H₂O₂ can effectively restrain the iron leaching and increase the copper leaching rate correspondingly. At a temperature of 60 ℃, with leaching time of 30 min and mixing speed of 500 r/min, acid concentration of 60 g/L and H₂O₂ dosage of 100 L/t, the copper leaching rate can reach 669%. The addition of H₂O₂ bringing an effect on the potential, can promote copper leaching while inhibit iron leaching, due to high potential being more favorable to the copper leaching.