国内外长输管道线路阀室设计标准差异研究

线路截断阀是保证长输管道安全运行的重要设施，可减少油品泄漏损失和环境污染。我国管道阀室设计存在若干问题，应在标准层面进行统一和规范，例如阀室选址和间距缺乏灵活性、河流穿跨越阀室做法不一致、单向阀设计导致清管困难、偏远地区阀室供电可靠性差。选取了美国、俄罗斯、加拿大等国家的管道阀室设计标准，研究了国内外阀室设计标准的重要技术差异，介绍了国外管道阀室设计运行管理方面的实践经验，包括基于减少油品泄漏风险和经济损失的选址原则，特殊地区油气管道阀室进行10%和25%距离调整，RTU阀室设置原则，河流穿跨域阀室推荐做法，根据阀室供电功率需求确定供电方式，优先采用阀室地上敷设方式等。最后，针对提高完善我国管道阀室设计标准，提出了改进建议。

The Difference Research on Pipeline Valve Stations Design Standards at Home and Abroad

Pipeline valve station was the important facilities to ensure the safe operation of long distance pipeline. It can reduce oil leakage loss and environmental pollution. There are several problems in the design of pipeline valve station in China. It should be unified and specified at the standard level, such as the lack of flexibility in valve site selection and spacing, the difference in valve station crossing and over-crossing , the design of check valve, and the poor reliability of valve station in remote areas. The pipeline valve station design standards of USA, Russia and Canada were selected, and the important technical differences between domestic and foreign valve station design standards were studied, and the practical experience of foreign pipeline valve station design and operation management was introduced, such as the site selection principle of reducing oil leakage risk and economic loss, 10% and 25% distance adjustment for oil and gas pipeline valve station in special area, the RTU valve station setting principle, the recommended practice of river crossing and over-crossing valve station, valve station power demand to determine the power supply mode, preferred to use above-ground valve station, etc. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to improve the design standard of pipeline valve station in China.