油田结垢预测及防垢技术的研究进展

近年来，在国家安全环保标准的要求下，油田污水问题通常以处理后回用锅炉方式解决。一方面解决了油田污水排放问题，另一方面节约了水资源。然而，污水回用锅炉过程由于各种原因造成污水处理系统及管线、锅炉、油泵等设施结垢严重。针对油田结垢问题，在了解结垢形成原因的基础上，首先介绍了结垢预测模型的发展状况，包括结合网络神经原理、层次分析、模糊分析等数值分析方法，利用MATLAB等工具拟合出的预测模型，在实际应用中，这些预测模型均达到了较高精度；其次介绍了油田结垢防治与控制方法的最新研究成果，包括加防垢剂以及防垢剂发展状况和对注入水本身进行改性解决其与地层水不配伍的问题，从而达到对油田结垢防治与控制的目的。

Research Progress on Scaling Prediction and Scaling Prevention Technology in Oilfields

In recent years, under the requirements of national safety and environmental protection standards, the problem of oilfield sewage is usually solved by the boiler after treatment. On the one hand, it solves the problem of sewage discharge from oilfields, and on the other hand, saves water resources. However, due to various reasons, the sewage recycling boiler process has serious scales in sewage treatment systems and pipelines, boilers, oil pumps and other facilities. On the basis of the problem of scale formation in oilfield, this paper firstly introduces the development status of scale prediction model, including the combination of network neural principle, analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy analysis and other numerical analysis methods using MATLAB and other tools to fit the prediction model. In practical application, these prediction models have achieved higher precision values; then the latest research results of the methods of scale prevention and control in oilfields are introduced, including the addition of anti-scaling agent and anti-scaling agent. Second, the injected water itself is modified to solve the problem of incompatibility with the formation water, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling the scaling of oilfields.