铜冶炼烟尘的综合利用

以铜转炉烟尘为原料, 采用高压酸浸工艺回收有价金属和脱除砷。结果表明, 在硫酸浓度4 mol/L、浸出温度100 ℃、浸出时间2 h条件下, 烟尘中砷、铁和铜浸出率分别为94.14%、93.80%、91.80%, 浸出渣主要物相为硫酸铅(PbSO₄);通过氧压沉砷处理浸出液, 使溶液中铁和砷形成臭葱石(FeAsO₄·2H₂O)而固化;沉砷后液主要物质为Cu²⁺和SO₄^2-, 可用于电解回收铜。该工艺可以实现铜烟尘中有价金属的综合回收, 同时将砷以臭葱石形式固化, 减少对环境的污染。

Comprehensive Utilization of Copper Smelting Dust

With the converter dust as the raw material, a high-pressure acid leaching process was adopted to recover the valuable metals therein while removing arsenic. The results show that the leaching rates of arsenic, iron and copper reach 94.14%, 93.80% and 91.80%, respectively, and the main phase in the leach residue is lead sulfate (PbSO₄), after 2 h-leaching process at 100 ℃ with sulfuric acid concentration of 4 mol/L. The leaching solution is treated with oxygen pressure for arsenic precipitation, leading to the arsenic combined with the iron in the solution to form scorodite (FeAsO₄·2H₂O). The main substances in the solution after arsenic precipitation are Cu²⁺ and SO₄^2-, which can be subjected to electrolytic process for copper recovery. By adopting this technical process, the valuable metals in copper dust can be comprehensively recovered, while the arsenic therein can be solidified in the form of scorodite, thus reducing environmental pollution.