中、后期雨水收集分流优化

为提高传统雨水收集方法中的雨水调蓄能力,提出一种基于SWMM(Storm Water Management Model)的雨水分流优化方法。该方法在传统的初期雨水弃流工艺基础之上,依据分离器中水位与出口流量之间的关系,调节分离器中的雨水蓄留池出口和市政雨水管道出口之间的高差h来调整分流器的雨水削峰作用。依据分流器原理构建了优化方法的目标函数,并运用PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization)与SWMM相结合对目标函数进行求解进而获得不同降雨情景下的最优高差h,使得分离器在不同降雨情景下针对中、后期的降雨过程具有最佳的雨水削峰作用。研究结果表明:优化方法充分利用了雨水蓄留池的调蓄空间,将削峰作用最大化,与传统雨水收集方法相比,优化方法具有较好的雨水削峰效果,特别是在高重现期降雨下(20 a、50 a、100 a)的雨水峰值分别削减了44.76%、42.03%和40.77%。研究结果可以为城市雨水收集相关研究提供参考依据。

Diversion optimization of rainwater collection in middle and later periods

In order to improve the rainwater storage capacity in the traditional method of rainwater collection，a rainwater diversion optimization method based on SWMM ( Storm Water Management Model) was proposed． The method changed the height difference h between rainwater storage outlet and municipal rainwater pipe outlet depending on the relationship of water level and outlet flow in the diversion． The objective function of the optimization method was established according to the theory of diversion． The PSO ( Particle Swarm Optimization) and SWMM was used together to solve the objective function to obtain the optimal height difference h which could minimize the rainwater peak for the diversion in different rainfall scenarios． The results shown that the optimization method taken full advantage of the space of rainwater storage to reduce the rainwater peak comparing the traditional method of rainwater collection，the optimization method could reduce more rainwater peak． Especially in high return periods ( 20 years，50 years and 100 years) ，the rainwater peaks were respectively reduced as 44. 76%、42. 03% and 40. 77% comparing with traditional method． The results of this study could provide references to the studies about rainwater collection．