洛阳市龙门山废弃露天矿山地质环境影响评价及修复研究

洛阳市龙门山生态修复区位于风景秀丽的龙门石窟景区东,近年来矿山开采活动,对龙门山造成了一系列的矿山地质环境问题。洛阳市坚决贯彻习近平总书记生态文明思想,牢固树立“绿水青山就是金山银山”的理念,开展废弃露天矿山地质环境修复。本文通过对研究区开展矿山地质灾害、含水层破坏、地形地貌景观破坏及土地损毁等矿山地质环境影响评价,划分了矿山地质环境恢复治理分区,讨论了矿山地质环境修复措施。结果表明：研究区矿山地质灾害危害程度小,对含水层影响小,地形地貌景观和土地资源破坏严重;矿山地质环境恢复治理区域划分为重点防治区、次重点防治区和一般防治区,其中重点防治区面积6.47hm2^,次重点防治区9.73hm2^,一般防治区面积20.15hm2^,针对评价成果研究区采用“坡面危岩清理+地形地貌重塑+土壤重构+挡土墙+截排水渠+植被重建”等修复治理措施。研究成果对同类型露天矿山的地质环境影响评价及修复研究具有一定的借鉴意义。

Study on Geo-environmental impact Assessment and Restorationof Longmenshan abandoned Open-pit Mine in Luoyang City

Longmen Mountain in Luoyang is located in the east of the scenic Longmen Grottoes. In recent years, mining activities have caused a series of mine geological environment problems to Longmen Mountain. Luoyang firmly implements the idea of ecological civilization, firmly establishes the idea that "green water and green mountains are Jinshan and Silver Mountains", and carry out geological environment restoration of abandoned open-pit mines. In this paper, through the mine geological environment impact assessment of mine geological disasters, aquifer destruction, landform landscape destruction and land damage in the study area, the mine geological environment restoration zones are divided, and the mine geological environment restoration measures are discussed. The results show that the harm of mine geological disasters in the study area is small, the influence on aquifers is small, and the landforms, landscapes and land resources are seriously damaged.SThe restoration and control area of mine geological environment is divided into key prevention and control area, sub-key prevention and control area and general prevention and control area, in which the key prevention and control area is 6.47hm², the sub-key prevention and control area 9.73hm², and the general prevention and control area 20.15hm². According to the evaluation results, some restoration and control measures are adopted, such as "slope dangerous rock cleaning + topography remodeling + soil reconstruction + retaining wall + cut-off canal + vegetation reconstruction".SThe research results have a certain reference significance for the study of geological environmental impact assessment and restoration of the same type of open-pit mines.