响应面优化蒲公英橡胶草菊糖提取工艺及其MALDI-TOF MS分析

以蒲公英橡胶草根为原料，采用超声提取的方式，通过单因素实验和响应面试验探究了超声功率、提取时间、超声温度、液料比对蒲公英橡胶草菊糖提取率的影响，得到蒲公英橡胶草菊糖提取的最佳工艺为:超声功率230 W、超声时间34 min、超声温度61 ℃、液料比30:1（mL:g），菊糖提取率为20.14%±0.19%。采用氢氧化钙-磷酸法、三氯乙酸法、Sevage法进行脱蛋白纯化，得出氢氧化钙-磷酸法的效果最好，其蛋白清除率达90.78%，菊糖损失率为26.44%。将菊糖粗提液经蛋白纯化、脱色、旋蒸、醇沉及真空冷冻干燥后得到纯度为80.8%的菊糖，为白色固体粉末。经MALDI-TOF MS进行表征分析，确定其单体的分子量为162，端基的分子量和为179，能检测到的聚合度范围为2~30。此研究为蒲公英橡胶草的综合利用研究提供了理论依据。

Optimization of Extraction of Inulin from Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin by Response Surface Methodology and Its MALDI-TOF MS Analysis

Using Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin root as raw material, the effects of ultrasonic power, extraction time, ultrasonic temperature and liquid-solid ratio on the extraction rate of inulin from Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin root were studied based on single factor experiment and response surface experiment. The optimum extraction conditions of inulin from Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin root were as follows: Ultrasonic power 230 W, ultrasonic time 34 min, ultrasonic temperature 61 ℃, liquid-solid ratio 30:1 (mL:g), and the extraction rate of inulin was 20.14%±0.19%. The calcium hydroxide-phosphoric acid method, trichloroacetic acid method and Sevage method were used for protein purification, and the results showed that the calcium hydroxide-phosphoric acid method had the best effect, with a protein clearance rate of 90.78% and an inulin loss rate of 26.44%. Inulin with a purity of 80.8% was obtained after protein purification, decolorization, alcohol precipitation and vacuum freeze drying, was a white solid powder. The obtained inulin was characterized and analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS, which determined that the molecular weight of the monomer was 162, the molecular weight of the end group was 179, and the degree of polymerization can be detected in the range of 2 to 30. This study provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin.