公共建筑与住宅建筑非传统水源利用技术分析

对在公共建筑与住宅建筑中利用非传统水源的技术进行了比较和分析,着重研究了雨水、中水和海水利用技术,指出了各项技术的优缺点和适用条件。结果表明,采用雨水利用技术时,可以因地制宜采用与直接利用、渗透、调节等功能相关的技术组合;采用中水回用技术时,可采用有发展前景的膜生物反应器技术,也可采用生物接触氧化或混凝沉淀等技术;采用海水利用技术时,可根据各种技术特点选用多级闪蒸、低温多效、反渗透等技术,另外,用清洁能源淡化海水是海水淡化技术的发展方向。实践中选用非传统水源利用技术时,应综合各种因素,进行全面比较。

Analysis of technologies of non-traditional water resources utilization in public and residential buildings

Through comparison and analysis of various technologies for non-traditional water resources utilization in public and residential buildings,this study focuses on the technologies of rainwater utilization,greywater recycling,and seawater desalination,and describes the advantages,disadvantages,and applicable conditions of these technologies.The results show that the combined technologies with functions of rainwater harvesting,penetration,and retention can be applied to rainwater utilization based on local conditions,that the promising technology MBR,as well as the biological contact oxidation and coagulation-sedimentation technologies,is feasible for greywater recycling,and that the technologies of multi-stage flash evaporation,low-temperature multiple-effect evaporation,and reverse osmosis can be used for seawater desalination.It is also pointed out that clean energy is a preferred alternative for seawater desalination.When using the technologies for non-traditional water resources utilization in practice,it is wise to consider multiple factors and make comprehensive comparisons.