高超声速飞行器嵌入式大气数据获取技术研究

嵌入式大气数据系统是高超声速飞行器大气数据获取最适合采用的技术解决方案,其可为高超声速飞行器制导控制指令的解算提供攻角、侧滑角、马赫数、动压等大气参数的测量基准,具有传统空速管类型大气数据系统无法比拟的优势。对嵌入式大气数据系统涉及的关键技术进行了分析,介绍典型高超声速飞行器的嵌入式大气数据系统方案,重点介绍了相关方案的测压孔布局、系统部组件设计及压力传感器选型,并针对嵌入式大气数据解算,介绍了一种基于卡尔曼滤波的嵌入式大气数据解算方法,研究表明,算法具有精度高、鲁棒性强和适应性强的特点,适用于在现代高超声速飞行器。

Research on Air Data Acquisition Technology of Hypersonic Vehicles

Flush air data system (FADS) is the best choice of hypersonic vehicle for air data acquisition, it can provide the measurement information of atmosphere parameters, such as angle of attack, angle of sideslip, mach number, dynamic pressure etc,which can be used as the benchmark to compute guidance and control command. Comparing with the traditional probes, FADS has unique advantage of integration onto the airframe and system calibration. In this paper, the key technology of FADS is analyzed, and then FADS schemes of typical hypersonic vehicles are presented in detail, including the pressure port arrangement, FADS module design and assembly, and sensor performance, etc. Lastly, a calculation method of solving atmosphere parameters based on Kalman Filter is studied, it shows that the algorithm is with high precision and strong robustness, and is very suitable for engineering application on modern hypersonic vehicle.