人工引发闪电和自然闪电回击电流波形的对比分析

对2005年夏季在山东引雷实验中获得的一次传统人工引发闪电1μs时间分辨率的电流资料进行了分析。整个电流持续时间约1120ms，包含10次回击过程，时间间隔为18~210ms，平均为87ms；回击电流峰值的几何平均值为11.9kA，变化范围为6.6~21.0kA。通过人工引发闪电和自然闪电的对比分析，发现传统人工引发闪电的回击电流峰值(10~17kA)与自然闪电的继后回击(12~18kA)基本一致；空中人工引发闪电的首次回击(也有作者称为"小回击过程")电流峰值(24~37kA)略小于自然闪电的首次回击(30~45kA)；不同地区下行自然闪电回击电流峰值存在最大约50%的差异；上行自然闪电回击电流峰值(8~10kA)小于其他类型的回击。

Comparative Analysis on Return Stroke Current of Triggered and Natural Lightning Flashes

The discharge current of return stroke in artificially triggered lightning has been obtained in microsecond time resolution by using current measuring systems in Shandong province in the summer of 2005. The results show that the duration of the discharge is about 1120ms. The whole discharge process comprises of 10 return strokes with mean time interval of 87 ms ranging from 18 ms to 210ms. The geometric mean peak current of return strokes is 11.9 kA with a range from 6.6 kA to 21.0 kA. The current peak of classical triggered lightning strokes (10~17kA) are similar to that of natural subsequent return strokes (12~18kA); while the current peak of first return stroke (a discharge between the lower end of the wire and the ground) in altitude triggered lightning (24~37kA) is less than that of natural lightning (30~45kA). The differences in the peak current observed at different areas are about 50% for natural downward strokes. The current peak of upward lightning stroke (8~10kA) is less than all other strokes.