空间目标散射结构极化旋转域辨识

极化逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)具备全极化测量和高分辨成像能力，已成为空间态势感知的重要传感器。作为典型的人造目标，空间目标散射特性敏感于目标姿态和雷达视线方向的相对夹角。这种散射多样性给极化ISAR数据解译带来困难，也蕴藏着丰富的极化散射信息。为提高空间目标散射结构辨识性能，该文深入挖掘绕雷达视线的极化旋转域信息，提出一种空间目标散射结构极化旋转域辨识方法，共包含3个步骤。
首先，对极化ISAR数据开展绕雷达视线的极化旋转域分析，导出极化相关方向图特征。其次，分析基本散射体的极化相关方向图特性，构造极化特征编码矢量。最后，基于极化特征编码矢量距离度量实现散射结构极化辨识。围绕太阳能帆板、反射面天线等空间目标典型部件开展仿真实验研究，所提方法相较于传统的Cameron分解方法性能更优，鲁棒性更高。

Scattering Structure Recognition of Space Target in Polarimetric Rotation Domain

Polarimetric Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR), which has the ability of full polarization measurement and high-resolution imaging, has become an important sensor for space awareness. As a typical man-made target, space target has various scattering characteristic, which is sensitive to the relative angle between the target orientation and the radar’s line of sight. This scattering diversity makes it difficult for polarimetric ISAR data interpretation. Besides, enrich polarimetric scattering information is hidden within it. In order to promote the interpretation performance of space target, a scattering structure recognition method in polarimetric rotation domain is proposed by mining the polarimetric rotation domain information along the radar’s line of sight, which mainly contains three steps.
Firstly, polarimetric rotation domain analysis along the radar’s line of sight is conducted on the polarimetric ISAR data and a set of polarimetric correlation pattern features are derived. Secondly, the polarimetric correlation pattern characteristics of canonical structures are analyzed and the polarimetric feature coding vectors are given. Finally, the target scattering structure can be recognized by the distance of polarimetric feature coding vectors. Simulation experimental studies are carried out with the typical space target components of solar panel and reflector antenna. Compared with the traditional Cameron decomposition, the proposed method has superior and robust performance.