近43a潮州市蒸发变化特征及其影响因素

利用潮州市气象观测站1969—2011年蒸发量、平均气温、降水、总云量、平均风速、水汽压和相对湿度等资料,采用距平百分率、累积距平、Mann-Kendall、小波分析等方法,分析潮州市蒸发变化特征及其影响因素.结果表明:潮州市蒸发量在20世纪70年代和80年代最多,90年代最少,四季蒸发量的波动比较明显;突变检验表明,20世纪70年代日照时数出现突发性上升,但是没有出现明显突变点;通过对全年和季节蒸发量的周期分析,在比较显著的时间尺度上蒸发量目前处于偏多的时期;年蒸发量减少与平均气温增加关系密切,同时也和夏季日照时数的增加有一定关系.

Characteristics of evaporation change and its influence factors during 1969-2011 in Chaozhou

Based on Chaozhou meteorological data including sunshine hours,total cloud amount,precipitation,sur-face vapor pressure,mean temperature,mean wind velocity and relative humidity from meteorological stations during 1969-2011,the characteristics and influencing factors of evaporation change in Chaozhou were studied with the methods of evaporation anomaly percentage, accumulative anomalies, Mann-kendall test, and wavelet analysis. The result indicates that the evaporation of 1970s and 1980s in Chaozhou were the most for the period of 1969-2011, while the evaporation of 1990s was the least. Seasonal fluctuation was obvious in evaporation change. Mutation test shows that the sunshine hours increased rapidly in 1970s,yet without obvious mutation.According to the period anal-ysis of annual and seasonal evaporation changes,the evaporation now is relatively high in the more significant time scale.The decrease of annual evaporation is closely related with the increase of mean temperature,and may also be related with the increase of sunshine hours in summer.