焦化汽油单独加氢技术工程化的问题及对策

介绍了国内焦化汽油单独加氢工程化应用的技术及其流程,针对焦化汽油单独加氢工程化过程中遇到的问题,包括加氢反应器顶部结焦、反应器床层压力降快速上升、操作周期缩短、反应部分换热器结垢、压力降增大、传热系数降低等,分析了加氢反应器顶部分配盘、积垢篮、顶部催化剂结焦样品和反应部分换热器垢样的元素组成,追踪这些元素的来源或产生的原因,提出了应对措施。指出饱和焦化汽油加氢装置产品(低分油、加氢焦化汽油)循环并不能完全解决长周期运行问题,同时会增加投资、能耗及操作费用;由于焦化汽油单独加氢过程结焦的不可避免性,建议规划炼油厂总流程时应避免新建焦化汽油单独加氢装置;焦化汽油可分别与焦化柴油,催化柴油,焦化柴油与催化柴油混合油,焦化柴油与焦化蜡油混合油,或焦化柴油、催化柴油、焦化蜡油混合油一起加氢以延长焦化汽油加氢装置的操作周期。

Problems in engineering of independent coker naphtha hydrogenation process and countermeasures

Process and technology applied in independent coker naphtha hydrogenation engineering in China are introduced.To solve the problems encountered in independent coker naphtha hydrogenation engineering such as coking in top of hydrogenation reactor,rapid pressure drop rise in reactor bed,shortened operating cycle,fouling in heat exchangers in reactor system,greater pressure drop and reduced heat transfer coefficient etc,the fouling samples in reactor top distributor,fouling collector and reactor top catalyst as well as foul element compositions of fouling samples in heat exchangers of reactor system are analyzed,and sources of elements or root causes are traced and countermeasures are recommended.It is pointed out that,the recycle of products of saturated coker naphtha hydrogenation unit（LP separator oil,hydrogenated coker naphtha） can not guarantee the long-term operation of the unit.Whereas,it will increase investment,energy consumption and operating costs.As the coking can not be avoided in coker naphtha hydrogenation,it is proposed that,in the design of overall refinery configuration,independent coker naphtha hydrogenation unit should not be considered.The coker naphtha can be hydrogenated together with coker gas oil,FCC gas oil,blended coker gas oil FCC gas oil,blended coker gas oil heavy gas oil or blended coker gas oil,FCC gas oil and heavy coker gas oil to extend the operating cycle of coker naphtha hydrogenation unit.