常温下硫化氢腐蚀产物的自燃历程

含硫原油加工过程中，H₂S 腐蚀产物具有很高的自燃性，可以引起火灾和爆炸。根据 H₂S 腐蚀产物的氧化反应产物中单质硫的含量及氧化尾气组成，结合差热 热重分析结果，按氧化程度可以将 H₂S 腐蚀产物氧化自燃过程分为初级、中级和完全氧化3个阶段。在初级氧化阶段，H₂S 腐蚀产物发生不完全氧化反应，氧化反应温度低于70℃，没有 SO₂生成；在中级氧化阶段，部分 H₂S 腐蚀产物发生完全氧化反应，氧化反应温度在70~190℃之间，有SO₂生成，随着氧化反应温度的升高，发生完全氧化的 H₂S 腐蚀产物的量增加；在完全氧化阶段，H₂S 腐蚀产物发生完全氧化反应，反应系统内的单质硫被氧化为SO₂，氧化反应温度超过190℃。结合氧化反应产物的 XRD 分析，给出了 H₂S 腐蚀产物在不同氧化自燃阶段发生的化学反应。

Spontaneous Combustion Process of Hydrogen Sulfide Corrosion Products Formed at Room Temperature

The corrosion products produced from hydrogen sulfide in processing sour crude oils had high pyrophorisity,which could cause fire and explosion accidents.By analyzing the content of orthorhombic sulfur in oxidation products,monitoring the compositions of oxidation reaction exhausted gases and combining the result of TG-DTA,the process could be divided into the primary oxidation stage,the secondary oxidation stage and the deep oxidation stage according to oxidizing degree of the corrosion products.In the primary oxidation stage the temperature of corrosion products was below 70℃ and sulfur dioxide could not be formed.The incomplete oxidation reactions of ferrous sulfide that was the main form of iron sulfides produced from hydrogen sulfide corrosion at ambient temperature occur.In the secondary oxidation stage the temperature of sample rised to the range 70-190℃,at which sulfur dioxide was formed and complete oxidation reactions occur in part of ferrous sulfide,and the amount of ferrous sulfide to take part in complete oxidation reactions increased with the increase of sample temperature.In the deep oxidation stage the temperature of sample exceeded 190℃,all of the ferrous sulfide took part in complete oxidation reactions and sulfur in the reactants was oxidized to sulfur dioxide.The chemical reactions during the different oxidation stages of corrosion products were given according to the XRD analysis for oxidation products.