Synthesis and characterization of microporous polymer microspheres with strong cation-exchange character |
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| Affiliation: | 1. WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, United Kingdom;2. Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain;1. WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde;1. State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;2. The First Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;3. School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;1. Division of Chemical Engineering, Nanomaterials Processing Research Center, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Republic of Korea;1. State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China;1. College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China;2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China;1. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, PR China;2. CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, PR China;3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China |
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| Abstract: | In this paper the synthesis and characterization of microporous polymer microspheres with ultra-high specific surface areas (>1000 m2/g) and strong cation-exchange character is described. The microspheres were synthesized by the hypercrosslinking of swellable precursor particles which had been produced by precipitation polymerization. The strong cation-exchange character, arising from the presence of sulfonic acid groups, was introduced through post-hypercrosslinking chemical modification reactions. Two alkyl sulfate reagents of differing polarity were compared as reagents for the sulfonation reactions, and a synthetic methodology was devised that allowed the sulfonic acid content of the microspheres to be controlled. Following a series of small-scale optimization experiments, optimized conditions were applied on a larger scale to the synthesis of three distinct polymers (HXLPP-SCX) tailored for use as strong cation-exchange (SCX) sorbents in solid-phase extraction (SPE) studies. All three polymers were in the form of polymer microspheres (mean particle diameters 3–5 μm) with relatively narrow particle size distributions and specific surface areas up to 1370 m2/g, and had tuneable ion-exchange capacities (IECs) ranging from 1.7–2.8 mmol/g. |
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