羧-胺类小分子泥页岩抑制剂的抑制性研究

以脂肪酸、小分子胺为原料合成羧-胺类小分子抑制剂，考察了胺种类、脂肪酸链长、酸与胺摩尔比以及抑制剂加量对膨润土线性膨胀率的影响。根据正交实验和单因素实验得到最佳的酸胺反应组合为月桂酸-二乙烯三胺（1:2），其次为油酸-四乙烯五胺（1:2），抑制剂加量0.5%。在0.5%月桂酸-二乙烯三胺产物中，膨润土在20 min内迅速水化膨胀，90 min时膨润土的线性膨胀率为24.3%，为同条件下4.0%氯化钾溶液中的43.5%，是蒸馏水中的32.8%；在0.5%油酸-四乙烯五胺产物中，膨润土在40 min内迅速水化膨胀，90 min时膨润土的线性膨胀率为33.2%，是氯化钾溶液中的59.4%，是蒸馏水中的44.9%。泥球实验结果表明，在月桂酸-二乙烯三胺产物中浸泡的泥球水化膨胀程度明显降低，对膨润土的抑制效果好于油酸-四乙烯五胺产物。室温下，这两种羧-胺类产物对水基钻井液有一定的增黏作用。加入0.3%月桂酸-二乙烯三胺产物后，钻井液的表观黏度（AV）提高1.9倍；加入0.5%油酸-四乙烯五胺产物消泡后，钻井液AV提高1.0倍。加入月桂酸-二乙烯三胺产物、油酸-四乙烯五胺产物后，KD-03聚合糖钻井液体系黏度增加，AV分别提高2.4倍、3.5倍，配伍性较好。

Study on the Effect of Carboxy-Amines Small Molecule Shale Inhibitor

With fatty acid and amines as raw material, carboxy-amine small molecule inhibitor was prepared. The effect of type of amine, length of fatty acid chain, mole ratio of acid and amine, and dosage of inhibitor on liner expansion of bentonite was studied. Orthogonal and single factor experiment results showed that lauric acid-diethylenetriamine compound, with acid and amine functional group mole ratio of 1:2, displayed the highest inhibitory followed by oleic acid-tetraethylenepentamine compound with the dosage of 0.5%. The linear swelling ratio of bentonite at 90 min was 24.3% in 0.5% lauric acid-diethylenetriamine solution, which was only 43.5% of that in 4.0% potassium chloride solution and 32.8% of that in distilled water under the same condition. The linear swelling ratio of bentonite at 90 min was 39.2% in 0.5% oleic acid-tetraethylenepentamine solution, which was only 59.4% of that in 4.0% potassium chloride solution and 44.9% of that in distilled water under the same condition. Mud ball experiment results showed that the lauric acid-diethylenetriamine solution could inhibit clay ball from hydration and swelling obviously. And it had better effect than oleic acid-tetraethylenepentamine. The fatty acid-amine complexes could improve the viscosity of water-based drilling fluid at room temperature. After 0.3% lauric acid-diethylenetriamine was added, the apparent viscosity (AV) of drilling fluid increased 1.9 times. However, the AV only increased 1.0 times, when 0.5% oleic acid-tetraethylenepentamine was added. Moreover, lauric acid-diethylenetriamine and oleic acid-tetraethylenepentamine were compatible with KD-03 polysaccharide pretreated drilling fluid. The AV of drilling fluid was increased by 2.4 and 3.5 times, respectively.