河南电网实时调度系统若干功能与算法

实时调度系统主要负责发电和潮流的实时监视、实时调整和闭环控制。为达到既安全又经济的目标，文中把实时调度系统的主要功能分为实时平衡交易及实时安全管理2个模块。实时平衡交易模块在电网安全约束下，通过调整发电计划使发电与负荷平衡；实时安全管理模块则处理电网各种突发事件，包括阻塞管理、非计划停机等。在实时平衡交易中使用了鲁棒性较强的增量潮流模型，并提出了负荷平衡灵敏度，修正了原始灵敏度，使增量潮流模型不再依赖于松弛节点。使用最优次序法求解此模型，不仅满足了经济性与安全性的要求，而且满足了电力市场的公开和透明要求。将实时平衡交易模型经少量修改后用于阻塞管理，并应用平衡调节法求解阻塞管理模型。该系统在河南电网2年的运行实践证明了该算法的有效性和实用性。

Functions and Algorithms in Real-time Active Power Dispatching System Applied to Henan Grid

Real-time active power dispatching system is designed for on-line monitoring and automatic adjusting of generation and transmission flow. In order to coordinate security and economy, the functions in the system are divided into two modules: spot balancing trading module and real-time security management module. The former module matches generation with demand periodically subject to security constraints, while the later module deals with exceptional network events, such as congestion and generation outages. In spot balancing trading module, the incremental power flow model is adopted for its robustness. A new load-balanced sensitivity is used to improve original sensitivity, which makes the incremental power flow independent of the location of the slack bus. The merit-order-based method is used to solve the spot balancing trading model, which not only ensures economy and security, but also makes power market fair and transparent. This model is modified slightly to fit into congestion management, and then solved by synchronous conjugated adjustment method. The operation practice of the system applied in Henan power grid shows that the models and the algorithms are effective and practical.