基于过渡金属的葡萄糖无酶电化学传感器研究进展

葡萄糖传感器广泛应用于食品工业中，在发酵生产、饮料调配、乳制品生产等过程对葡萄糖含量有严格控制，因而构建葡萄糖快速检测新方法有重要意义。由于过渡金属传感材料具有响应迅速，灵敏度高，稳定性好，成本低等特点，其在葡萄糖无酶电化学传感器领域显示出独特的优势，因此，该研究以近年来的实验和理论研究为基础，系统地综述了过渡金属葡萄糖无酶传感器的研究进展。通过总结铜（Cu）、镍（Ni）、钴（Co）和锌（Zn）等过渡金属纳米结构的特点及其氧化物在碱性条件下对葡萄糖的传感机制，以及电沉积法及其他修饰电极制备方法，以期为高性能葡萄糖传感器的构建提供参考。该综述特别强调了揭示过渡金属对葡萄糖的电信号增敏机制的重要性，以实现按需设计，扩大过渡金属传感器的应用范围。

Research Progress of Enzyme-free Electrochemical Sensors for Glucose Based on Transition Metals

Glucose sensors are widely used in the food industry, and the glucose content is strictly controlled in fermentation production, beverage preparation, and dairy product production. Therefore, it is of great significance to construct a new method for rapid glucose detection. Since transition metal-based sensing materials have the characteristics of rapid response, high sensitivity, good stability, and low cost, they show unique advantages in the field of enzyme-free electrochemical sensors for glucose. Therefore, based on the recent experimental and theoretical studies, this paper provides a systematic review of the recent research progress of transition metal-based enzyme-free electrochemical sensors for glucose. The characteristics of nanostructures of transition metals such as copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and zinc (Zn), and the sensing mechanisms of their oxides for glucose under alkaline conditions, as well as the methods for preparing modified electrodes including electrodeposition, are summarized, in order to provide reference for the construction of high-performance glucose sensor. This review specifically highlights the importance of uncovering the electrical signal sensitivity-enhancing mechanism of transition metal towards glucose, to enable on-demand design and expand the application of transition metal sensors.