小麦秸秆还田对烤烟叶片发育及产质量的影响

为探讨适宜的小麦秸秆施用方式，田间试验比较了小麦秸秆直接施用和制成生物炭施用两种方式对烤烟叶片发育、烟叶产量及品质的影响。结果表明，与常规施肥相比，秸秆直接施用前期抑制、后期促进烟株叶片发育，对产量、产值及中部叶片外观质量影响较小，中、上部烟叶含钾量及烟碱含量均显著提高；施用秸秆生物炭促进了烤烟叶片发育，产量、产值显著提高，增幅分别为21.83%、54.23%，改善了中部烟叶外观质量，叶片身份、油分得分及外观质量总分显著增加，显著提高了中、上部烟叶含钾量，增幅分别为8.39%和22.63%，且烟碱含量增加不明显。可见，施用小麦秸秆生物炭能够促进烟株生长、提高烟叶产量、改善烟叶品质。

Effects of Returning Wheat Straw to Soil on Leaf Development,Yield and Quality of Tobacco

To explore suitable wheat straw application measure, a field experiment was carried out to determine contrasting effects of wheat straw incorporation and wheat straw-derived biochar on leaf development, yield and quality of tobacco leaves.The results showed that tobacco leaf development was firstly restrained, then promoted when using wheat straw incorporation, which showed little impact on tobacco yield, output as well as visual appearance of middle tobacco leaves.And contents of potassium and nicotine in both middle and upper leaves were significantly increased in this treatment.Tobacco leaf development was generally promoted with application of wheat straw-derived biochar, and yield and output of tobacco were significantly increased by 21.83%, 54.23% respectively.Scores of body, oil and total scores of visual appearance in middle tobacco leaves were significantly increased in this treatment.Contents of potassium in middle and upper leaves were also significantly increased by 8.39%, 22.63%, respectively, while no significant increase of nicotine content was observed with biochar addition.Therefore, biochar addition is a suitable strategy to improve leaf development, as well as yield and quality of tobacco.