焦化汽油加氢反应器压力降快速上升问题分析与对策

中石油克拉玛依石化有限责任公司焦化汽油加氢反应器压力降快速上升,装置运行周期不断缩短,分析其主要原因为:焦化汽油中含有56.7%的不饱和烃类和大量不同粒径的焦粉颗粒,高温环境下,发生结焦缩合反应形成焦粉,聚集在反应器顶部造成压力降快速上升。通过优化装置高压换热网络,引入脱酸装置原料与高温反应产物进行换热,降低加热炉炉膛温度至480℃以下,更换预过滤器,提高原料洁净度,杂质脱除率达到86.5%,高压换热系统加注国外阻聚剂,罐区原料低液位联运,优化保护剂级配,采用容垢能力强的蜂窝保护剂等措施,有效抑制了反应器压力降迅速上升的趋势,装置运行周期已从20 d恢复至6个月以上,并计划安装新型内置集垢器,增加二烯烃保护反应器,进一步延长装置运行周期。

Analysis and countermeasure of pressure drop rising rapidly of coker naphtha hydrogenation reactor

Aiming at the problem that pressure drop of coker naphtha hydrogenation reactor in Petrochina Karamay petrochemical Co., LTD. is rising rapidly and the operation period of the unit is shortening continuously, the main reasons are analyzed as follows: the coker naphtha contains unsaturated hydrocarbons account for 56.7% and a large number of coke powder particles with different sizes. Under high temperature environment, coking and condensation reaction occurs in the reactor to form coke powder, which gathers at the top of the reactor and causes pressure to rise rapidly.By optimizing the high pressure heat exchange network of the unit, introducing the raw materials of deacidification unit and the high temperature reaction products for heat exchange, reducing the furnace temperature to below 480 ℃, replacing the prefilter, improving the cleanliness of feedstock and the impurity removal rate reaches 86.5%, filling high-pressure heat exchange system with foreign polymer inhibitors, transporting the raw materials in tank area at low liquid level, optimizing the gradation of the protective agent, and using protective agents like honeycomb with strong resistance to fouling and other measures, the tendency of the pressure drop in the reactor to increased rapidly is effectively suppressed. And the operation period of the reactor has been restored from 20 days to more than 6 months. A new built-in scale collector and an additional diene protection reactor are planned to be installed to further extend the operation period of the reactor.